Bed making
Fundamental of Nursing Procedure Manual
Making an Unoccupied Bed
Definition: A bed prepared to receive a new patient is an un-occupied bed
Purpose
1. To provide clean and comfortable bed for the patient
2. To reduce the risk of infection by maintaining a clean environment
3. To prevent bed sores by ensuring there are no wrinkles to cause pressure points
Equipment required:
1. Mattress (1)
2. Bed sheets(2): Bottom sheet (1)
Top sheet (1)
3. Pillow (1)
4. Pillow cover (1)
5. Mackintosh (1)
6. Draw sheet (1)
7. Blanket (1)
8. Savlon water or Dettol water in basin
9. Sponge cloth (4): to wipe with solution (1)
to dry (1)
✽ When bed make is done by two nurses,
sponge cloth is needed two each.
10. Kidney tray or paper bag (1)
11. Laundry bag or Bucket (1)
12. Trolley(1)
Fundamental of Nursing Procedure Manual
Procedure: by one nurse
Care Action and Rationale
1. Explain the purpose and procedure to the client. Providing information fosters cooperation.
2. Perform hand hygiene. To prevent the spread of infection.
3. Prepare all required equipments and bring the
articles to the bedside. Organization facilitates accurate skill performance
4. Move the chair and bed side locker It makes space for bed making and helps effective action.
5. Clean Bed-side locker:
Wipe with wet and dry. To maintain the cleanliness
6. Clean the mattress:
1) Stand in right side.
2) Start wet wiping from top to center and from
center to bottom in right side of mattress.
3) Gather the dust and debris to the bottom.
4) Collect them into kidney tray.
5) Give dry wiping as same as procedure 2).
6) Move to left side.
7) Wipe with wet and dry the left side.
To prevent the spread of infection
7. Move to right side.
Bottom sheet:
1) Place and slide the bottom sheet upward over
the top of the bed leaving the bottom edge of the
sheet.
2) Open it lengthwise with the center fold along the
bed center.
3) Fold back the upper layer of the sheet toward the
opposite side of the bed.
4) Tuck the bottom sheet securely under the head of
the mattress(approximately 20-30cm).
Make a mitered corner.
➀Pick up the selvage edge with your hand
nearest the hand of the bed.
➁Lay a triangle over the side of the bed
➂Tuck the hanging part of the sheet under the
mattress.
➃Drop the triangle over the side of the bed.
⑤Tuck the sheet under the entire side of bed.
5) Repeat the same procedure at the end of the
corner of the bed
6) Tuck the remainder in along the side
Unfolding the sheet in this manner allows you to
make the bed on one side.
Amitered corner has a neat appearance and keeps
the sheet securely under the mattress.
Tucking the bottom sheet will be done by turn,
the corner of top firstly and the corner of the
bottom later.
To secure the bottom sheet on one side of the bed.
8. Mackintosh and draw sheet:
1) Place a mackintosh at the middle of the bed ( if
used), folded half, with the fold in the center of
the bed. used), folded half, with the fold in the
center of the bed.
2) Lift the right half and spread it forward the near
Side.
Mackintosh and draw sheet are additional
protection for the bed and serves as a lifting or
turning sheet for an immobile client.
3) Tuck the mackintosh under the mattress.
4) Place the draw sheet on the mackintosh. Spread
and tuck as same as procedure 1)-3).
9.Move to the left side of the bed.
Bottom sheet , mackintosh and draw sheet:
1) Fold and tuck the bottom sheet as in the above
procedure 7.
2) Fold and tuck both the mackintosh and the draw
sheet under the mattress as in the above
procedure 8.
Secure the bottom sheet, mackintosh and draw
sheet on one side of the bed
10. Return to the right side.
Top sheet and blanket:
1) Place the top sheet evenly on the bed, centering
it in the below 20-30cm from the top of the
mattress.
2) Spread it downward.
3) Cover the top sheet with blanket in the below 1
feet from the top of the mattress and spread
downward.
4) Fold the cuff (approximately 1 feet) in the neck
part
5) Tuck all these together under the bottom of
mattress. Miter the corner.
6) Tuck the remainder in along the side
Ablanket provides warmth.
Making the cuff at the neck part prevents
irritation from blanket edge.
Tucking all these pieces together saves time and
provides a neat appearance.
11. Repeat the same as in the above procedure 10 in
left side.
To save time in this manner
12. Return to the right side.
Pillow and pillow cover:
1) Put a clean pillow cover on the pillow.
2) Place a pillow at the top of the bed in the center
with the open end away from the door.
Apillow is a comfortable measure.
Pillow cover keeps cleanliness of the pillow and
neat.
The open end may collect dust or organisms.
The open end away from the door also makes
neat.
13. Return the bed, the chair and bed-side table to
their proper place.
Bedside necessities will be within easy reach for
the client .
14. Replace all equipments in proper place.
Discard lines appropriately.
It makes well-setting for the next.
Proper line disposal prevents the spread of
infection.
15. Perform hand hygiene To prevent the spread of infection.
Nursing Alert
- Do not let your uniform touch the bed and the floor not to contaminate yourself.
- Never throw soiled lines on the floor not to contaminate the floor.
- Staying one side of the bed until one step completely made saves steps and time to do effectively and save the time.
Changing an Occupied Bed
Definition: The procedure that used lines are changed to a hospitalized patient is an occupied bed.
1. To provide clean and comfortable bed for the patient
2. T reduce the risk of infection by maintaining a clean environment
3. To prevent bed sores by ensuring there are no wrinkles to cause pressure points
Equipment required:
1. Bed sheets(2) : Bottom sheet( or bed cover) (1)
Top sheet (1)
2. Draw sheet (1)
3. Mackintosh (1) (if contaminated or needed to change)
4. Blanket (1) ( if contaminated or needed to change)
5. Pillow cover (1)
6. Savlon water or Dettol water in bucket
7. Sponge cloth (2): to wipe with solution (1)
to dry (1)
✽When the procedure is done by two nurses, sponge cloth is needed two each.
8. Kidney tray or paper bag (1)
9. Laundry bag or bucket (1)
10. Trolley (1)
Procedure: by one nurse
Care Action and Rationale
1. Check the client’s identification and condition. To assess necessity and sufficient condition
2. Explain the purpose and procedure to the client Providing information fosters cooperation
3. Perform hand hygiene To prevent the spread of infection.
4. Prepare all required equipments and bring the
articles to the bedside.
Organization facilitates accurate skill performance
5. Close the curtain or door to the room. Put screen. To maintain the client’s privacy.
6. Remove the client’s personal belongings from
bed-side and put then into the bed-side locker or
safe place.
To prevent personal belongings from damage and
loss.
7. Lift the client’s head and move pillow from center
to the left side.
The pillow is comfortable measure for the client.
8. Assist the client to turn toward left side of the
bed. Adjust the pillow. Leaves top sheet in place.
Moving the client as close to the other side of the
bed as possible gives you more room to make the
bed.
Top sheet keeps the client warm and protect his or
her privacy.
9.Stand in right side:
Loose bottom bed linens. Fanfold (or roll) soiled
linens from the side of the bed and wedge them
close to the client.
Placing folded (or rolled) soiled linen close to the
client allows more space to place the clean bottom
sheets.
10. Wipe the surface of mattress by sponge cloth
with wet and dry.
To prevent the spread of infection.
11. Bottom sheet, mackintosh and draw sheet:
1) Place the clean bottom sheet evenly on the bed
folded lengthwise with the center fold as close to
the client’s back as possible.
2) Adjust and tuck the sheet tightly under the head
of the mattress, making mitered the upper
corner.
3) Tighten the sheet under the end of the mattress
and make mitered the lower corner.
4) Tuck in along side.
5) Place the mackintosh and the draw sheet on the
bottom sheet and tuck in them together.
Soiled linens can easily be removed and clean
linens are positioned to make the other side of the
bed.
12. Assist the client to roll over the folded (rolled)
linen to right side of the bed. Readjust the pillow
and top sheet.
Moving the client to the bed’s other side allows you
to make the bed on that side.
13. Move to left side:
Discard the soiled linens appropriately. Hold
them away from your uniform. Place them in the
laundry bag (or bucket).
Soiled linens can contaminate your uniform,
which may come into contact with other clients.
14. Wipe the surface of the mattress by sponge cloth
with wet and dry.
To prevent the spread of infection.
15. Bottom sheet, mackintosh and draw sheet:
1) Grasp clean linens and gently pull them out from
under the client.
2) Spread them over the bed’s unmade side. Pull the
linens taut
Wrinkled linens can cause skin irritation.
3) Tuck the bottom sheet tightly under the head of
the mattress and miter the corner.
4) Tighten the sheet under the end of the mattress
and make mitered the lower corner.
5) Tuck in along side.
6) Tuck the mackintosh and the draw sheet under
the mattress.
16. Assist the client back to the center of the bed.
Adjust the pillow.
The pillow is comfort measure for the client.
17. Return to right side:
Clean top sheet, blanket:
1) Place the clean top sheet at the top side of the
soiled top sheet.
2)Ask the client to hold the upper edge of the clean
top sheet.
3) Hold both the top of the soiled sheet and the end
of the clean sheet with right hand and withdraw
to downward. Remove the soiled top sheet and
put it into a laundry bag (or a bucket).
4) Place the blanket over the top sheet. Fold top
sheet back over the blanket over the client.
5) Tuck the lower ends securely under the mattress.
Miter corners.
6)After finishing the right side, repeat the left side.
Tucking these pieces together saves time and
provides neat, tight corners.
18. Remove the pillow and replace the pillow cover
with clean one and reposition the pillow to the
bed under the client’s head.
The pillow is a comfortable measures for a client
19. Replace personal belongings back. Return the
bed-side locker and the bed as usual.
To prevent personal belongings from loss and
provide safe surroundings
20. Return all equipments to proper place. To prepare for the next procedure
21. Discard linens appropriately. Perform hand
hygiene.
To prevent the spread of infection.
Making a Post-operative Bed
Definition: It is a special bed prepared to receive and take care of a patient returning from surgery.
Purpose:
1. To receive the post-operative client from surgery and transfer him/her from a stretcher to a bed
2. To arrange client’s convenience and safety
Equipment required:
1. Bed sheets: Bottom sheet (1)
Top sheet (1)
2. Draw sheet (1-2)
3. Mackintosh or rubber sheet (1-2)
✽According to the type of operation, the
number required of mackintosh and draw
sheet is different.
4. Blanket (1)
5. Hot water bag with hot water (104- 140 ℉)
if needed (1)
6. Tray1(1)
7. Thermometer, stethoscope,
sphygmomanometer: 1 each
8. Spirit swab
9. Artery forceps (1)
10. Gauze pieces
11. Adhesive tape (1)
12. Kidney tray (1)
13. Trolley (1)
14. IV stand
15. Client’s chart
16. Client’s kardex
17. According to doctor’s orders:
- Oxygen cylinder with flow meter
- O2cannula or simple mask
- Suction machine with suction tube
-Airway
- Tongue depressor
- SpO2monitor
- ECG
- Infusion pump, syringe pump
Procedure: by one nurse
Care Action and Rationale
1. Perform hand hygiene To prevent the spread of infection
2.Assemble equipments and bring bed-side Organization facilitates accurate skill
performance
3. Strip bed.
Make foundation bed as usual with a large
mackintosh, and cotton draw sheet.
Mackintosh prevents bottom sheet from wetting
or soiled by sweat, drain or excrement.
Place mackintosh according to operative
technique.
Cotton draw sheet makes the client felt dry or
comfortable without touching the mackintosh
directly.
4. Place top bedding as for closed bed but do not
tuck at foot
Tuck at foot may hamper the client to enter the
bed from a stretcher
5. Fold back top bedding at the foot of bed. To make the client ‘s transfer smooth
6. Tuck the top bedding on one side only. Tucking the top bedding on one side stops the bed
linens from slipping out of place and
7. On the other side, do not tuck the top sheet.
1) Bring head and foot corners of it at the center of
bed and form right angles.
2) Fold back suspending portion in 1/3 and
repeat folding top bedding twice to opposite side
of bed
The open side of bed is more convenient for
receiving client than the other closed side.
8. Remove the pillow. To maintain the airway
9 Place a kidney-tray on bed-side. To receive secretion
10. Place IV stand near the bed. To prepare it to hang I/V soon
11. Check locked wheel of the bed. To prevent moving the bed accidentally when the
client is shifted from a stretcher to the bed.
12.Place hot water bags(or hot bottles) in the
middle of the bed and cover with fanfolded top if
needed
Hot water bags (or hot bottles) prevent the client
from taking hypothermia
13.When the patient comes, remove hot water bags
if put before
To prepare enough space for receiving the client
14. Transfer the client:
1) Help lifting the client into the bed
2) Cover the client by the top sheet and blanket
immediately
3) Tuck top bedding and miter a corner in the end of
the bed.
To prevent the client from chilling and /or having
hypothermia
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